Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Nash T.H. Data set reviewer(s): Nash T.H.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Parmotrema. Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Parmelia tinctorum Nyl.

Taxonomic Literature: Nylander 1872 Hale 1965.

Biogeography: Subtropical and pantropical; coastal, colline, and submontane. Continent: Africa, Australasia, Northern America, Southern America, Pacific, and Asia-Tropical. Checklist records: Australia, Ecuador, Mexico, Sonoran Desert, United States and Canada (continental), and Venezuela.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Thallus: Foliose, subdivided into main parts, and secondary or without secondary parts, sub irregular, continuous throughout, lobed; lobes elongate, horizontal; plane; branches applanate (moderately flattened); bifacial; not segmented; separate thallus parts 10-12.5-15 mm wide. Secondary Thallus: Trunk with intact wall. Thallus Size and Differentiation: 8-14-20 cm in diameter; main branches basally not constricted; apex rounded. Upper Surface: Pale grey, plane, matt, smooth; not fissurate; not foveate; not convoluted; immaculate; epruinose; not pseudocyphellate; not wrinkled; eciliate; without hairs; isidiate; isidia central or laminal, not ramified; without isidiomorphs; not papillate, not pustulate; not sorediate; not tuberculate; not lobulate. Lower Surface: Present, black, black in the centre, brown along the margin; attached by holdfasts; not cyphellate; not wrinkled; rhizinate; rhizines sparse, with a broad non-rhizinate margin, black, not branched; not tuberculate.

Hydrochasic Thallus Movement: Not performing hygrochasic thallus movement.

Upper Cortex: Double-layered.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, forming in the thallus centre or all across the thallus surface, sparse, 2-11-20 mm in diam.. Margin: Crenulate, epruinose; not sorediate; isidiate; without pseudocyphellae pseudocyphellae; not ciliate; not hirsute. Disk: Brown. Hymenium: 55-60-65 µm high.

Asci: Dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, 13-14-15 µm long, 7-8.5-10 µm wide.

Conidiomata: Present.

Conidia: 12-13.5-15 µm long.

Secondary Metabolites: Present; only in the upper part of the cortex, throughout the cortex, or throughout the thallus medulla, atranorin or lecanoric acid, metabolite(s) of unresolved identity: absent.

Spot Tests: Cortex: KC + deep yellow; medulla: K –, C + red, KC + red, PD –.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)