Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Nash T.H. Data set reviewer(s): Nash T.H.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Parmotrema. Synonyms: Parmelia maxima Hue; Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Parmelia stuppea Tayl.

Taxonomic Literature: Taylor 1847 Hale 1965.

Biogeography: Subtropical and pantropical; montane. Continent: Africa, Europe, Northern America, and Asia-Tropical. Checklist records: Germany, Mexico, Sonoran Desert, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous.

Thallus: Foliose, subdivided into main parts, and secondary or without secondary parts, sub irregular, continuous throughout, lobed; lobes elongate, horizontal; branches applanate (moderately flattened); bifacial; not segmented. Thallus Size and Differentiation: 10-15-20 cm in diameter; main branches basally not constricted; apex rounded. Upper Surface: Grey, plane, matt, smooth; not fissurate; not foveate; not convoluted; immaculate; without patches; epruinose; not pseudocyphellate; ciliate; cilia slender, marginal; without hairs; not isidate; without isidiomorphs; not papillate, not pustulate; sorediate; soralia white, peripheral, terminal, linear, prominent, isolated, not confluent with other soralia, soredia farinose; not tuberculate; not lobulate. Lower Surface: Present, black, black in the centre, brown along the margin; attached by holdfasts; not cyphellate; not wrinkled; rhizinate; rhizines sparse, with a broad non-rhizinate margin, black, not branched; not tuberculate.

Hydrochasic Thallus Movement: Not performing hygrochasic thallus movement.

Upper Cortex: Double-layered.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, forming in the thallus centre or all across the thallus surface, in the centre of the thallus parts or all across the surface, moderately abundant, 10-20-30 mm in diam.. Margin: Crenulate; not sorediate; not isidiate; without pseudocyphellae pseudocyphellae; not ciliate. Disk: Brown.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, 12-14.5-17 µm long, 6-7.5-9 µm wide.

Conidiomata: Present.

Conidia: 4-5-6 µm long.

Secondary Metabolites: Present; only in the upper part of the cortex, throughout the cortex, or throughout the thallus medulla, atranorin, consalazinic acid, or salazinic acid, metabolite(s) of unresolved identity: absent.

Spot Tests: Cortex: KC + deep yellow; medulla: K + yellow changing to red, C –, KC –, PD + red.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)