Parmelia sulcata Taylor

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Nash T.H. Data set reviewer(s): Nash T.H.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Parmelia. Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Lichen sulcata L.

Taxonomic Literature: Hale 1990.

Biogeography: Northern hemispheric; boreal; montane. Continent: Asia-Temperate, Europe, and Northern America. Checklist records: Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Thallus: Foliose, subdivided into main parts, and secondary or without secondary parts, sub irregular, continuous throughout, lobed; lobes elongate, horizontal; plane; branches applanate (moderately flattened); bifacial; not segmented. Thallus Size and Differentiation: 2-4-6 cm in diameter; main branches basally not constricted; apex truncate. Upper Surface: Grey or pale grey, plane, matt, smooth; fissures strongly developed, without extrusions, longitudinally and transversally oriented oriented; not foveate; not convoluted; immaculate; without patches; epruinose; not pseudocyphellate; not wrinkled; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; without isidiomorphs; not papillate, not pustulate; sorediate; soralia broad, grey or pale grey, laminal or subperipheral, forming from cracks or fissures, erose or linear, prominent, isolated, not confluent with other soralia, reticulate fused, longitudinal, soredia farinose; not tuberculate; not lobulate. Lower Surface: Present, black, black in the centre; attached by holdfasts; not wrinkled; rhizines moderately abundant, extending all across the lower surface, black, not branched, irregularly branched or sparsely furcate.

Hydrochasic Thallus Movement: Not performing hygrochasic thallus movement.

Upper Cortex: Double-layered.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, forming all across the thallus surface, sparse. Margin: Crenulate; not sorediate; not isidiate; without pseudocyphellae pseudocyphellae; not ciliate; not hirsute. Disk: Brown.

Asci: Dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed.

Secondary Metabolites: Present; throughout the cortex or throughout the thallus medulla, atranorin, consalazinic acid, or salazinic acid, metabolite(s) of unresolved identity: absent.

Spot Tests: Cortex: KC + deep yellow; medulla: K + yellow changing to red, C –, KC –, PD + red.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)