Hypotrachyna ensifolia (Kurok.) Hale

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Nash T.H. (00-02-04). Data set reviewer(s): Nash T.H.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Hypotrachyna. Synonyms: Parmelia ensifolia; Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Parmelia ensifolia.

Taxonomic Literature: Hale & Kurokawa 1964 Hale 1975.

Biogeography: Neotropical; montane and upper montane. Continent: Northern America and Southern America. Checklist records: Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Sonoran Desert, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Thallus: Foliose, subdivided into main parts, without secondary parts, anisotomic-dichotomous, dispersed throughout and distinctly seperate, lobed; lobes elongate, horizontal; subconvex; branches tapered (sublinear); applanate (moderately flattened); bifacial; not segmented; separate thallus parts 1-2-3 mm wide. Thallus Size and Differentiation: 2-5-8 cm in diameter; main branches basally not constricted; apex curved downwards; rounded. Upper Surface: Grey, subconvex, glossy (shiny), smooth; not fissurate; not foveate; not convoluted; immaculate; epruinose; not pseudocyphellate; not wrinkled; eciliate; without hairs; isidiate; isidia central or laminal, cylindrical, not ramified, darkened at the tip; without isidiomorphs; not papillate, not pustulate; not sorediate; not tuberculate; not lobulate. Lower Surface: Present, black, black in the centre, brown along the margin; attached by holdfasts; not cyphellate; not wrinkled; rhizinate; rhizines abundant, with a narrow non-rhizinate margin, black, branched, dichotomously branched; not tuberculate.

Hydrochasic Thallus Movement: Not performing hygrochasic thallus movement.

Upper Cortex: Double-layered. Photobiont Layer: Photobiont cells continuous.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, forming all across the thallus surface, all across the surface, sparse, 3-5.5-8 mm in diam.. Margin: Smooth, epruinose; not sorediate; not isidiate; without pseudocyphellae pseudocyphellae; not ciliate; not hirsute. Disk: Brown.

Asci: Dehiscence lecanoralean.

Conidiomata: Present; formed all accross the thallus surface.

Secondary Metabolites: Present; only in the upper part of the cortex or throughout the thallus medulla, a-collatolic acid, alectoronic acid, and atranorin, metabolite(s) of unresolved identity: absent.

Spot Tests: Cortex: KC + deep yellow; medulla: K –, C –, KC –, PD –.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)