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Data Set Maintenance: Data set compiled (from Sonoran Desert Lichen Flora Vol.1). Data set author(s): Bungartz F. (02-10-10). Data set to be published after submission; February 2002.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Currently accepted name Canomaculina leucosemotheta (Hue) Elix. Canomaculina. Synonyms: Parmotrema leucosemothetum (Hue) Hale; Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Basionym: Parmelia leucosemotheta Hue. Type: Canomaculina leucosemotheta (Hue) Elix.

Biogeography: Pantropical; submontane and montane. Continent: Africa (Southern), Northern America, and Southern America. Checklist records: Mexico and Sonoran Desert (Sierra Madre Occidental, Sinaloa).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; rarely corticolous or saxicolous; growing sun-exposed, under conditions which are dry.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trebouxia; Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales.

Thallus: Foliose, subdivided into main (lobes) parts, dispersed throughout and distinctly seperate, lobed; lobes elongate, slightly imbricate; separate thallus parts 10-15 mm wide. Thallus Size and Differentiation: 3-20 cm in diameter; apex rounded (becoming dentate-laciniate with age). Thallus Outline: Orbicular. Upper Surface: Black (in areas) or grey, plane, glossy (shiny), smooth; fissurate; fissures reticulate; with patches (dense); sometimes pruinose, pruina patchy; ciliate; cilia slender; not isidate; sorediate; soralia subperipheral, forming from cracks or fissures, linear, soredia coarse. Lower Surface: Present, black or pale brown (mottled periphery), black in the centre, pale brown along the margin; attached by holdfasts (true rhizines); rhizinate; rhizines moderately abundant, black, not branched.

Upper Cortex: Present; eucortical; prosoplectenchymatous (pallisade); epicortex present; porous. Photobiont Layer: Photobiont cells continuous. Medulla: White, loose; iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative (cells with Cetraria-type lichenan).

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, forming all across the thallus surface, all across the surface, soon sessile, sparse or moderately abundant (very rare), up to 6 mm in diam.. Margin: Persistent, distinct; sorediate. Disk: Excavate, brown, epruinose. Exciple: White (or gray). Epithecium: Apical cells brown. Hypothecium: White.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, spores 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, 12-16 µm long, 7-10 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent.

Secondary Metabolites: Present; only in the upper part of the cortex (atranorin & chloroatranorin) or throughout the thallus medulla (salazinic & consalazinic acid), atranorin, chloroatranorin, consalazinic acid, or salazinic acid.

Spot Tests: Cortex: KC + deep yellow, C –, KC –, PD + yellow; medulla: K + yellow changing to red, C –, KC –, PD + orange.

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