Lecidea plana (J. Lahm) Nyl.

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Hertel H. (99-01-01). Data set not revised.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Lecidea. Synonyms: Catillaria eximia Malme, C. stromatoides H.Magn., Lecidea dunedina Zahlbr., Lecidea enteromorpha (Flot.) Vain.; Lecideaceae Chevall. (1826); Lecanorales.

Type Information: Protologue: Nylander W., Flora 55: 552 (1872) - Lecidella plana J. Lahm in Körb.: Körber G.W., Parerga Lichenol. 211- 212 (1861); type specimen label data: Germany, Nordrhein-Westfalen: an Sandsteinfelsen des Stimmberges bei Oer, May 1860, J. Lahm (B, lectotype).

Taxonomic Literature: Fries T.M., Lichenogr. Scand. 497-498 (1874); Nowak J., Tobolewski Z., Porosty Polskie (Warszawa & Kraków) 552 (1975); Hertel H., Khumbu Himal 6: 268-269 (1977); Culberson C.F., Hertel H., Bryologist 82: 189-197 (1979); Kilias H., Herzogia 5: 396 (1981); Inoue M., J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., Ser. B, Div. 2 (Bot.), 18(1): 41-43 (1982); Hertel H., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 79: 421 (1984); Türk R., Wittmann H., Stapfia 11: 62 (1984 - distrib. map for Oberösterreich, Austria); Clauzade G., Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, nouv. ser., num. spec. 7: 458 (1985); Rambold G., Biblioth. Lichenol. 34: 222-224 (1989); Hawksworth D.L., Coppins B.J. in Purvis et.al., 334 (1992); Andreev M.P., Kudratov I., Botan. Zhurn. 77: 106 (1992); Türk R., Poelt J., Österr. Akad. Wiss., Biosystematics and Ecology Ser. 3: 64 (1993 - bibliography of Austrian lichens); Hertel H., Biblioth. Lichenol. 58: 166 (1995); Wirth V., Flechtenflora, 2.Aufl., 391 (1995); Wirth V., Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1, 507 [Foto!], 514-516 (1995).

Biogeography: Colline, montane, and alpine. Continent: Europe (Au, Br, Cz, Estonia, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hb, He, It, No, Po, Rm, Rs, Su), Northern America (Newfoundland, Labrador, Quebec, Alaska, Oregon, Washington), Southern America (Colombia), Asia-Temperate (Kavkas, Japan), and Australasia (Australia: Mt. Kosciusco, N.Z.).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; endosubstratic or episubstratic; substrate non-calciferous or metalliferous.

Thallus: Areolate (primarily areolate), continuous throughout, dispersed along the periphery, continuous in the centre, or dispersed throughout and distinctly seperate; lobes angular or rounded at the front; separate thallus parts 0-1 mm thick. Thallus Size and Differentiation: Large; main branches basally not constricted. Thallus Outline: Margin concolorous the thallus centre. Upper Surface: White, lemon (citrine), brownish yellow, pale grey, or green (olivaceous), convoluted, plane or convex; not sorediate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative.

Ascocarps: Forming rarely on the pro- or hypothallus, soon sessile, slightly constricted or strongly constricted at the base, 25-200 per cm², .6-1.5-(2) mm in diam.. Margin: Not flexuose or slightly flexuose, persistent or excluded, 35-170 µm wide, epruinose. Disk: Plane, weakly convex, or strongly convex, black, epruinose, without an umbo. Exciple: Hyphae radiating outwards; 3-5 µm wide; grey; inspersed with crystals. Epithecium: Apical cells olive, green, or rarely black, cell pigment reacting with 10% HCl (in H2O). Hymenium: 35-59 µm high; white; iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive. Subhymenium: 30-86 µm high; white. Hypothecium: White, brownish yellow, or brown.

Ascospores: Oblong, (7)-7.9-14.8-(16) µm long, (3)-3.5-5-(6.5) µm wide; wall not ornamented.

Conidia: (11)-12.5-15-(17) µm long.

Secondary Metabolites: Rarely not detected or present, planaic acid or 4-O-demethylplanaic acid.

Spot Tests: Medulla: K –, C –, PD – ascocarp margin (in section): K –, C – disk: C – hypothecium: K – epihymenium: K –.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)