Lecidella elaeochroma (Ach.) M. Choisy

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Kainz C. (03-06-04). Data set reviewer(s): Knoph J.-G. (03-10-22); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Lecidella. Synonyms: Lecidella achristotera Hertel & Leuckert; Lecanoraceae Körb. (1855); Lecanorales.

Type Information: Basionym: Lecidea parasema ß elaeochroma Ach., Meth. Lich.: 36 (1803).

Taxonomic Literature: Purvis O.W. & James P.W. in: Purvis O.W., Coppins B.J.,
Hawksworth D.L., James P.W. & Moore D.M. (eds), The lichen flora
of Great Britain and Ireland: 1-710 [336-340] (1992).
Knoph, J.-G., Schmidt, R. & Elix, J. A. (1995): Untersuchungen einiger Arten der Gattung Lecidella mit Hochdruckflüssigkeitschromatographie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von epiphytischen Proben. - In: Knoph, J.-G., Schrüfer, K. & Sipman, H.J.M. (eds): Studies in lichenology with emphasis on chemotaxonomy, geography and phytochemistry - Festschrift Ch. Leuckert. - Bibliotheca Lichenologica 57: 307-326 [314-315].

Biogeography: Continent: Australasia, Europe, and Northern America.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; lignicolous or corticolous; episubstratic; growing sun-exposed (and in shade).

Thallus: Crustose (rather smooth, even), not subdivided parts, granular (-verrucose); separate thallus parts thin or thick (usually up to 0.5 mm, rarely up to 1.0 mm). Thallus Outline: Persistent; black (or bluish black). Upper Surface: Grey-yellow or lime green (becoming grey-green in shade).

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular or irregular, soon sessile, not constricted at the base, 1-1.6 mm in diam.. Margin: Lecideine/biatorine, strongly flexuose, more or less excluded (finally), distinct. Disk: Plane or weakly convex (later often), black (in exposed, well-lit situations, pale blue-black, brownish red or +/- piebald with a darker true exciple in shade). Exciple: Carbonized; dark green or aeruginose (to dull grey-blue). Episamma: Usually without episamma. Epithecium: Apical cells dark green or turquoise (to dull grey-blue). Hymenium: 55-80-105 µm high. Hypothecium: Rarely white, brownish yellow ('more or less brownish orange', K+/- bright red-brown), or brownish red.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, broadly ellipsoid or ellipsoid, 9-19 µm long, 4.5-10 µm wide; septa absent; wall thick (not halonate), distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall (not halonate), not ornamented (not halonate).

Secondary Metabolites: Present, 2,5,7-trichloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone, 2,7-dichloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone, 2,7-dichloronorlichexanthone, 2-chloronorlichexanthone, 3-O-methylasemone (= 4,5,7-trichloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone), 3-O-methylthiophanic acid (= 2,4,5,7-Tetrachloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone), 4,5-dichloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone, 4,5-dichloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone, 4,5-dichloronorlichexanthone, 4,7-dichloronorlichexanthone, 5,7-dichloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone, 5,7-dichloronorlichexanthone, 5-chloronorlichexanthone, 7-chloronorlichexanthone, arthothelin (2,4,5-trichloronorlichexanthone), asemone (= 4,5,7-trichloronorlichexanthone), atranorin, chloroatranorin, isoarthothelin (= 2,5,7-trichloronorlichexanthone), thiophanic acid (= 2,4,5,7-tetrachloronorlichexanthone), thuringione (= 2,4,5-trichloro-3-O-methylnorlichexanthone), or granulosin (= 2,4,5-trichloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone).

Spot Tests: Upper surface: K + deep yellow (KC+ yellow), C + orange ('orange', reactions often faint).

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)