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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Knoph J.-G., Rambold G. & Triebel D. (94-07-19). Data set reviewer(s): Kainz C. (00-11-15); to be published after submission; 94-07-19.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Carbonea. Synonyms: Lecidella vitellinaria (Nyl.) Koerb., Nesolechia vitellinaria (Nyl.) Rehm in Rabenh., Lecidea pitensis Lönnr.; Lecanoraceae Körb. (1855).

Taxonomic Literature: Alstrup & Hawksworth (1990: 21), Clauzade & Roux (1985: 269), Clauzade et al. (1989: 60), Hafellner & Sancho (1990: 366-367), Hawksworth (1983: 24-25 - sub Lecidea vitellinaria), Hertel (1989: 215), Keissler (1930: 132-135 - sub Nesolechia vitellinaria), Poelt (1961: 87 - sub Lecidea vitellinaria), Rambold & Triebel (1992), Santesson (1984b, 1986, 1988), Triebel (1989: 225), Triebel et al. (1991: 269), Türk & Wittmann (1987: 67), Wirth (1987: 111-112), Wittmann et al. (1989: 458).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenicolous; growing on non-calciferous rock. Host or Phorophyte Taxonomy: Candelariella, Lecanora, Lecidea, and Rhizocarpon, Candelariellaceae, Lecanoraceae, Lecideaceae, and Rhizocarpaceae.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: .1-.5 mm in diam.. Margin: Prominent. Disk: Plane to weakly convex, black, without an umbo. Exciple: Black, grey, green, or brown. Epithecium: Apical cells black, green (emerald-), or turquoise. Hypothecium: Brown, white, or brownish yellow.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or obovoid, 6-12-(13) µm long, 4-7 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin, not ornamented.

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