Tephromela M. Choisy (1929)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Timdal E. (95-04-20); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 20. Tephromela. Lecanoraceae Körb. (1855); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Tephromela atra (Huds.) Hafellner.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [196] (1997); Awasthi D.D. & Singh
K., Bryologist 80: 536-538 (1977) - sub Heppsora; Clauzade G. &
Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, N.S. 7: 1-893 [732-733]
(1985); Hafellner J. in: Hertel H. & Oberwinkler F. (eds), Beih.
Nova Hedwigia 79: 241-371 [344] (1984); Haugan R. & Timdal E.,
Graphis Scripta 6: 17-26 (1994); Hertel H. & Rambold G., Bot.
Jahrb. Syst. 107: 469-501 (1985); Poelt J. & Grube M., Nova
Hedwigia 57: 1-17 (1993); Purvis O.W. in: Purvis O.W., Coppins B.J.,
Hawksworth D.L., James P.W. & Moore D.M. (eds), The lichen flora
of Great Britain and Ireland: 1-710 [589-591] (1992); Rambold G.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 34: 1-346 (1989); Rambold G. & Triebel D.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 48: 1-201 [130 ] (1992).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized or lichenicolous; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous or calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont absent or present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct, crustose, foliose, or fruticose, not subdivided parts, leprose, squamulose, placodioid, subfruticose, granular, rimose, or areolate (primarily areolate), peltate. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing or persistent. Upper Surface: Brown, white, brownish yellow, or orange; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative; not different with or without KOH pre-treatment (euamyloid).

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular or irregular, forming all across the thallus surface, not emerging, becoming adnate to substipitate. Margin: Indistinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black, grey, green, brown, red, white, orange, violet, or pink (rosé). Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells black, grey, green, brown, olive, or bluish red (= reddish blue, incl. violet, purple). Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched to distinctly branched, not or scarcely anastomosed to distinctly anastomosed. Hypothecium: Yellow, brown, white, brownish yellow, orange, violet, or pink (rosé).

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid narrow axial body and amyloid convergent flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, globose or ellipsoid, 6.5-18 µm long, 3.5-8 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent or present; transversally septate, 1-transversally septate; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Intercalar. Conidia: Bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected or present, of the following substance class(es): orcinol depsidones, ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, (higher) aliphatic acids, benzyl esters, and dibenzofurans [and usnic acids].

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)