Strigula Fr. (1823)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Aptroot A. (95-02-10, 00-04-06), Triebel D. (00-04-06), and Scholz P. (02-05-17); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 50. Strigula. Strigulaceae Zahlbr. (1898); Pyrenulales.

Type Information: Type: Strigula smaragdula Fr.: Fr.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater
Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 474-475, Tempe (2002); Aptroot A.,
Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M., Biblioth.
Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [186-191] (1997); Aptroot A. & van den Boom
P.P.G., Mycotaxon 56: 1-8 (1995); Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull.
Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7: 1- 893 [730-731]
(1985); Coppins B.J. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora
of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Etayo J., Lichenologist
25: 257-260 (1993); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-
lxxiii, 1-662 [563-564], Wellington (1985); Harris R.C., A taxonomic
revision of the genus Arthopyrenia A. Massal. s. lat. (Ascomycetes)
in North America. - Ph. D. diss., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing
(1975); Harris R.C., More Florida lichens including the
10c tour of
the pyrenolichens: 1-192 [152-160], Bronx NY (1995); Lücking P.,
Aptroot A. & Thor G., Lichenologist 29: 221-228 (1997);
Lücking R., Lichenologist 31(3): 269-289 (1999); McCarthy P.M.,
Streimann H. & Elix J.A., Lichenologist 28(3): 239-244 (1996);
Roux C. & Bricaud O., Bull. Soc. Linn. Provençe 44: 117-
134 (1993); Santesson R., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12: 1-590 [138-194]
(1952); Swinscow T.D.V., Lichenologist 2: 6-56 (1962); Swinscow
T.D.V., Lichenologist 3: 72- 83 (1965).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; terricolous, bryophytic, lignicolous, corticolous, or epiphyllous; substrate non-calciferous or calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; trentepohlioid. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Cephaleuros (A. Beck 19-05-97) and Phycopeltis; Trentepohliaceae; Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing or persistent. Upper Surface: Grey, white, or brownish yellow; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Perithecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, becoming adnate. Wall: Not carbonized or with a carbonized black clypeus around the ostiole, not fused. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black, brown, white, or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive. Interascal Hyphae: Present, distinctly branched, not or scarcely anastomosed to distinctly anastomosed. Hypothecium: White or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, not amyloid; ocular chamber indistinct; dehiscence bitunicate; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, fusiform, or ovoid, 7-70 µm long, 2-20 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa present; transversally septate or both transversally and longitudinally, 1-20-transversally septate, formed by the proper spore wall; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, laterally constricted where the septum meets the spore wall, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Ellipsoid, fusiform, filiform, or bacilliform; microconidial or macroconidial, not branched; aseptate or septate; 1-9-septate; cell wall hyaline.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)