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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (02-05-17, 06-06-13) and Timdal E. (95-04-20); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 20. Squamarina. Squamarinaceae Hafellner (1984); Cladoniineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, N.S. 7: 1-893 [712-716] (1985); Hafellner J. in: Hertel H. & Oberwinkler F. (eds), Beih. Nova Hedwigia 79: 241-371 [342-344] (1984); Kondratyuk S.Ya. & Zelenko S.D., Ukrayins'k. Bot. Zhurn. 59(5): 598-607 (2002); Poelt J. & Krueger U., Feddes Repert. 81: 187-201 (1970); Rambold G. & Triebel D., Biblioth. Lichenol. 48: 1-201 [129] (1992); Ryan B.D. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 466-468, Tempe (2002); Seaward M.R.D in: Purvis O.W., Coppins B.J., Hawksworth D.L., James P.W. & Moore D.M. (eds), The lichen flora of Great Britain and Ireland: 1-710 [572] (1992); Timdal E., Lichenologist 15: 169-179 (1983).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized or lichenicolous; terricolous or bryophytic; substrate calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Crustose, not subdivided parts, placodioid or squamulose. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: White, grey, green, olive, yellow, brownish yellow, or brown; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; not sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate or lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate or rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose or tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular or irregular, forming all across the thallus surface, becoming adnate to soon sessile. Margin: Indistinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: White or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells hyaline or brownish yellow. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with amyloid tube or entirely amyloid throughout; dehiscence lecanoralean; exoascus euamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, oblong-obtuse, or oblong, 9-18-(19) µm long, 4-8 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): dibenzofurans [and usnic acids], ß-orcinol depsidones, and (tri-)terpenoids (in an undescribed species).

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