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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (02-05-17); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 4. Spilonema. Coccocarpiaceae (Mont. ex K. Müller) Henssen (1986); Peltigerineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero
Special 7: 1-893 [712] (1985); Coppins B.J., Gilbert O.L. & Jørgensen P.M. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [537-538], Wellington (1985); Henssen A., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 18: 1-123 [93-98] (1963); Keuck G., Biblioth. Lichenol. 6: 1-175 (1977); Poelt J., Bestimmungsschlüssel Europäischer Flechten: 1-757 [616] (1969); Schultz M. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 465-466, Tempe (2002).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, and United States and Canada (continental).

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; cyanobacterial. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Hyphomorpha and Stigonema (A. Beck 22-05-97); Capsosiraceae and Stigonemataceae; Stigonematales, Cyanobacteria, Prokaryota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Crustose, not subdivided parts, filamentose or subfruticose. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Black or olive; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate or rarely rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose or tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface or directly at the thallus margin, soon sessile. Margin: Indistinct or distinct; external filaments absent. Exciple: Violet. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells green or bluish red (= reddish blue, incl. violet, purple). Hymenium: Iodine reaction: hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched or distinctly branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White or violet.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, oblong-obtuse or oblong, 7-11 µm long, 2.5-6 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; transversally septate, 1-transversally septate; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; sessile, formed all accross the thallus surface.

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