Sphinctrina Fr. : Fr.

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Triebel D. Data set reviewer(s): Triebel D. (98-01-01; 01-08-10; 01-12-19); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 5. Sphinctrina. Sphinctrinaceae M. Choisy (1950); of unknown placement (incertae sedis).

Type Information: Type: Sphinctrina turbinata (Pers.: Fr.) De Not.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Van Herk C.M., Spier L. & Wirth V.,


Lichenologist 29: 415-424 (1997); Clauzade G. & Roux C.,
Bull.

Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, N.S. 7: 1-893 [711] (1985);
Galloway D.J.,

Flora of New Zealand. Lichens: 1-662 [537] (1985);
Kalb K.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 78: 141-167 [165] (2001); Loefgen O.
& Tibell
L., Lichenologist 11: 109-137 (1979); Purvis O.W. in:
Purvis O.W.,
Coppins B.J., Hawksworth D.L., James P.W. & Moore
D.M. (eds), The
lichen flora of Great Britain and Ireland: 1-710
[569-570] (1992);
Tibell L. in: Poelt J. & Vezda A., Biblioth.
Lichenol. 16: 1-390
[310-312] (1981); Tibell L., Svensk Bot.
Tidskr. 74: 55-69 [63-66]
(1980); Tibell L. in: Hertel H. &
Oberwinkler F. (eds), Beih.
Nova Hedwigia 79: 597-713 (1984);
Tibell L., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(1):
1-279 [257-261] (1987); Tibell
L., Flora Neotropica Monograph 69: 1-
78 [60-62] (1996); Tibell L.,
Nord. J. Bot. 20: 717-742 (2001);.

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized or lichenicolous; lignicolous or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont absent or present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts, granular. Upper Surface: Olive or brownish yellow; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative; not different with or without KOH pre-treatment (euamyloid).

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, becoming adnate to stipitate. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black, brown, red, white, or brownish yellow. Hymenium: Mazaedioid, iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative, not hemiamyloid. Hypothecium: White or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus not thickened or thickened, not amyloid; dehiscence prototunicate or unitunicate; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 4 to c. 8 per ascus, globose, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid, or fusiform, 4-16 µm long, 3-9.5 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa absent or present; transversally septate, 0-1-transversally septate, formed by the proper spore wall; wall thin or thick, distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall, not thickened at the septum, not constricted where the septum meets the spore wall or laterally constricted where the septum meets the spore wall, dark brown or middle brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented or ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)