Pyxine Fr. (1825)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Moberg R. (95-11-28) and Scholz P. (02-05-16); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 60. Pyxine. Physciaceae Zahlbr. (1898); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Pyxine sorediata (Ach.) Mont.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero

Special 7: 1-893 [654-655] (1985); Galloway D.J., Flora of New

Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [493-494], Wellington (1985);

Hafellner J., Mayrhofer H., Poelt J., Herzogia 5: 39-79 (1979);

Imshaug H.A., Trans. Amer. Microscop. Soc. 76: 246-269 (1957); Kalb

K., Biblioth. Lichenol. 24: 1-89 (1987); Kalb K. in: Nash T.H. III
et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol.
1, 437-441, Tempe (2002); Rambold G., Mayrhofer H. & Matzer M.,
Pl. Syst. Evol. 192: 31-40 (1994); Kashiwadani H., J. Jap. Bot. 52:
137-144, 161-168 (1977); Kashiwadani H., Bull. Natn. Mus. Ser. B
(Bot.), 3: 63-70 (1977); Moberg R., Lichenologist 15: 181-167 (1983);
Swinscow T. & Krog H., Norweg. J. Bot. 22: 43-68, 125-128 (1975).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Bolivia, Guianas, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; bryophytic or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trebouxia; Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales, Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose, not subdivided parts, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Grey, white, or brownish yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate or pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules or with granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile to stipitate. Margin: Distinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black or white. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells bluish black. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Brown, red, white, brownish yellow, or orange.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid narrow axial body and amyloid convergent flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid, or oblong, 10-25 µm long, 4-10 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; transversally septate, 1-(never 2)-3-transversally septate; wall thin, thickened at the septum, dark brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Intercalar. Conidia: Bifusiform or bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Present (also unknown pigments), of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, (tri-)terpenoids, (anthra-)quinones, or xanthones.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)