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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Timdal E. (95-04-20); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 11. Pilophorus. Stereocaulaceae Chevall. (1826); Cladoniineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7: 1-893 [606] (1985); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [398-399], Wellington (1985); Hertel H. & Rambold G., Pl. Syst. Evol. 158: 289-312 (1988); Jahns H.M., Mycotaxon 13: 289-330 (1981); Jahns H.M., Lichenologist 4: 199-213 (1970); Poelt J. & Vezda A., Biblioth. Lichenol. 9: 1-258 [191 192] (1977); Purvis O.W. & Coppins B.J. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Timdal E., Lichenologist 20: 93-96 (1988).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; terricolous, bryophytic, or lignicolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Asterochloris and Stigonema (A. Beck 22-05-97); Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales, Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont present. Secondary photobiont taxonomy: Nostoc and Stigonema, Nostocaceae and Stigonemataceae, Nostocales and Stigonematales, Cyanobacteria, Prokaryota.

Thallus: Crustose or fruticose, not subdivided parts, squamulose, subfruticose, or granular. Upper Surface: Grey or white; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; sorediate; cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, directly at the tip of the thallus parts, soon sessile to stipitate. Margin: Indistinct to distinct; external filaments absent. Exciple: Grey, brown, white, or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells black, green, or brown. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Green or brown.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or fusiform, 14-30 µm long, 4-10 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa absent; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or stipitate, formed all accross the thallus surface or along the thallus periphery.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, (tri-)terpenoids, and dibenzofurans [and usnic acids].

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