Physma A. Massal. (1854)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Elix J. A. (96-01-23) and Verdon D. (96-01-23); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 10. Physma. Collemataceae Zenker (1827); Peltigerineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Physma boryanum (Pers.) A. Massal.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A. & Sipman H.J.M., Willdenowia 20: 221-256 (1991);
Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [137] (1997); Clauzade G. & Roux
C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7: 1-893 []
(1985); Dughi R., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 93: 112-114 (1946); Galloway
D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [396-938],
Wellington (1985); Massalongo A.B., Neageana Lich.: 7 (1854); Poelt
J., Bestimmungsschlüssel Europäischer Flechten: 1-757 [521]
(1969); Verdon D. & Elix J.A., Acta Bot. Fenn. 150: 209-215 (1994).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Guianas, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; cyanobacterial. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose, not subdivided parts, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Grey, green, or brown; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate or lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose or tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, becoming adnate to soon sessile. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Periphyses: Absent. Interascal Hyphae: Present.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with amyloid tube; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, globose, ellipsoid, fusiform, or oblong, 6-20 µm long, 6.5-15 µm wide; septa absent; wall thick, distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented or ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial.

Conidia: Bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)