Phaeographis Müll. Arg. (1882)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Aptroot A. (95-02-18) and Sipman H. (98-01-15); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 200. Phaeographis. Graphidaceae Dumort. (1822); Ostropales.

Type Information: Type: Phaeographis dendritica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. (= Graphis dendritica
Ach.).

Taxonomic Literature: Awasthi D.D., Biblioth. Lichenol. 40: 1-337 (1975); Clauzade G. &
Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7: 1-893
[590] (1985); Ernst G. & Hauck M., Herzogia 10: 39-59 (1994);
Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [382-
383], Wellington (1985); Harris R.C., Some Florida Lichens: 1-109
(1990); Hayward G.C., New Zealand J. Bot. 15: 565-584 (1977); Poelt
J. & Vezda A., Biblioth. Lichenol. 16: 1-390 [243-244] (1981);
Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and
Ireland, London (1992); Redinger K.M., Rev. Bryol. Lichénol.
9: 37-122 (1936); Vainio E.A., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A: 1-368
(1921); Wirth M. & Hale M.E., Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 36: 63-119
(1966); Wirth M. & Hale M.E., Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 40: 1-64
(1978).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous or epiphyllous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; trentepohlioid. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts, granular or rimose. Upper Surface: Grey, green, brown, olive, or brownish yellow; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, irregular, or linear, forming all across the thallus surface, not emerging, becoming adnate. Margin: Indistinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black, brown, white, or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown or brownish yellow. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative, not hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Black, brown, white, or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, not amyloid; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, fusiform, oblong-obtuse, or ovoid, 11-60 µm long, 4-15 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; transversally septate, 3-15-transversally septate, formed by the endospore wall layer; wall thin or thick, distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall, not thickened at the septum, dark brown or pale brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidia: Globose or bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsidones and (anthra-)quinones.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)