Phaeographina Müll. Arg. (1882)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Aptroot A. (95-02-18) and Sipman H. (98-01-15); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 100. Phaeographina. Graphidaceae Dumort. (1822); Ostropales.

Type Information: Type: not designated.

Taxonomic Literature: Awasthi D.D., Biblioth. Lichenol. 40: 1-337 (1975); Etayo J.,
Lichenologist 25: 115-119 (1993); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand
Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [381-382], Wellington (1985); Harris R.C.,
Some Florida Lichens: 1-109 (1990); Hayward G.C., New Zealand J. Bot.
15: 565-584 (1977); Redinger K.M., Rev. Bryol. Lichénol. 9: 37-
122 (1936); Vainio E.A., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A: 1-368 (1921);
Wirth M. & Hale M.E., Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 36: 63-119 (1966);
Wirth M. & Hale M.E., Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 40: 1-64 (1978).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Guianas, New Zealand, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; trentepohlioid. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trentepohlia (A. Beck 22-05-97); Trentepohliaceae; Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts. Upper Surface: Grey, green, or white; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, linear, forming all across the thallus surface, not emerging, becoming adnate to soon sessile. Margin: Indistinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black or brown. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brownish yellow. Hymenium: Oil inspersed, iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative, not hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Black, brown, or white.

Asci: Tholus thickened, not amyloid; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: 1–2 to c. 8 per ascus, globose, oblong-obtuse, or ovoid, 17-250 µm long, 8-60 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; both transversally and longitudinally, 5-39-transversally septate, formed by the endospore wall layer; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, dark brown or pale brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidia: Globose.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsidones and (anthra-)quinones.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)