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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Elix J. A. (95-06-01) and Scholz P. (02-05-16); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 4. Parmeliopsis. Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Ahti T. & Isoviita P., Taxon 36: 105-107 (1987); Elix J.A., Bryologist 96: 359-383 (1993); Hawksworth D.L., Pl. Syst. Evol. 149: 303-307 (1985); Meyer S.L.F., Mycologia 74: 592-598 (1982); Purvis O.W. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Ryan B.D. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 315-317, Tempe (2002).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; lignicolous or corticolous; substrate rarely non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Asterochloris or Trebouxia (A. Beck 22-05-97); Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales, Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose, not subdivided parts, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Grey, green, yellow, or grey-yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Grey or white. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown or brownish yellow. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid wide axial body and divergent amyloid flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, rarely ellipsoid, reniform, allantoid, or curved, (6)-7-12-(15) µm long, (2)-3-4-(6) µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsides, or dibenzofurans [and usnic acids].

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