Pannaria Delise ex Bory (1828)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Jørgensen P. M. (98-03-20) and Scholz P. (02-05-15); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 30. Pannaria. Pannariaceae Tuck. (1872); Peltigerineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Pannaria rubiginosa (Ach.) Del.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [125] (1997); Galloway D.J., Flora of
New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [329-335], Wellington (1985);
Jørgensen P.M., Opera Bot. 45: 1-123 (1978); Jørgensen
P.M., Ann. Bot. Fenn. 28: 87-91 (1991); Jørgensen P.M. in:
Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert
Region vol. 1, 304-307, Tempe (2002); Keuck G., Biblioth. Lichenol.
6: 1-175 (1977); Poelt J. & Vezda A., Biblioth. Lichenol. 9: 1-
258 [173-181] (1977); Purvis O.W. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The
Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; cyanobacterial. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Nostoc and Scytonema (A. Beck 22-05-97); Nostocaceae and Scytonemataceae; Nostocales, Cyanobacteria, Prokaryota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Crustose or foliose, not subdivided parts, placodioid, granular, or areolate (primarily areolate), lobed. Thallus Outline: Persistent. Upper Surface: Bluish grey or olive; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate (but sometimes soredia-like, decorticated lobules); not cephalodiate; not lobulate or lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface or attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile or substipitate. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: White. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells green or brown. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative, not hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, not amyloid; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, 11-24 µm long, 8-12 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa absent; wall not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or sessile, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Globose or bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected or present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsidones.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)