Lichenostigma Hafellner (1983)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Triebel D. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (06-06-12, 06-08-07, 07-05-15) and Triebel D. (98-01-01; 00-03-11; 00-11-1; 01-08-10); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 18. Lichenostigma. Lichenotheliaceae Henssen (1986); Dothideales.

Type Information: Type: Lichenostigma maureri Hafellner.

Taxonomic Literature: Boom P.P.G. van den & Etayo J., Cryptog. Mycol. 27(4): 341-374 (2006); Calatayud V. & Barreno E., Lichenologist 35(4): 279-285 (2003);
Calatayud V., Hafellner J. & Navarro-Rosinés P. in Nash, T.H. et al. (eds) Lichen flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 2, 664-669, Tempe (2004); Calatayud V., Navarro-Rosinés P. & Hafellner J., Mycol. Res. 106(10): 1230-1242 (2002); Diederich P., Lejeunia 119: 1-26 (1986); Etayo J., Bull. Soc. Linn. Provence 51: 153-162 (2001); Hafellner J., Lichenologist 17: 269-272 (1985); Hafellner J., Linzer Biol. Beitr. 33(1): 507-532 (1999); Hafellner J. & Calatayud V., Mycotaxon 72: 107-114 (1999); Ihlen P.G., Lichenologist 36(3&4): 183-189 (2004); Kalb K., Hafellner J. & Staiger B., Biblioth. Lichenol. 59: 199-222 [208-209, fig. 14-20] (1995); Kocourková J., Acta Mus. Nat. Pragae, Ser. B.,
Hist. Nat. 55 (3-4): 59-169 [97-99] (2000); Navarro-Rosinés P., Els liquens i els fongs lichenicoles dels substrats carbonatats de Catalunya meridional. Tesis Doctoral ined., Univ. Barcelona: 1-459 [212-216] (1992); Navarro-Rosinés P., Boqueras M. & Llimona X., Bull. Soc.
Catalana Micol. 16-17: 165- 203 [177-178] (1994); Navarro-Rosinés P. & Hafellner J., Mycotaxon 57: 211-225 (1996); Thor G., Lichenologist 17: 269-272 (1985).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Australia, Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Guinea, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenicolous; terricolous or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous or calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont absent or present. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts, filamentose. Upper Surface: Green or olive; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative or in Lugol's solution positive.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, irregular, or linear, soon sessile, stromatic. Margin: Indistinct; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black, brownish yellow, or brown. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells black or brown. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative or Lugol’s positive, not hemiamyloid or hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Absent. Hypothecium: White, brownish yellow, or brown.

Asci: Tholus thickened, not amyloid; dehiscence bitunicate; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid or hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 4 to c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or ovoid, 7-15 µm long, 3-8.5 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; transversally septate, 1-4-transversally septate; wall thick, distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, pale brown, or dark brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented or ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; hyphomycetous; formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidia: Globose or ellipsoid; macroconidial (10-20(-26) x 7-10(-15) µm in size; called "vegetative reproductive structures"); septate; 4-10-septate.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)