Heterodermia Trevis. (1868)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Moberg R. (95-11-28), Schramm R. & Nash T.H. (99-06-23), and Scholz P. (02-05-14); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 92. Heterodermia. Physciaceae Zahlbr. (1898); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Heterodermia speciosa (Wulf. in Jacq.) Trevis.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [67-68] (1997); Clauzade G. & Roux
C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7: 1-893 [382]
(1985); Culberson W.L., Bryologist 69: 472-487 (1967) ["1966"];
Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [182-
185], Wellington (1985); Hafellner J., Mayrhofer H., Poelt J.,
Herzogia 5: 39-79 (1979); Kurokawa S., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 6: 1-115
(1962); Kurokawa S., J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 37: 563-607 (1973); Moberg
R. & Nash T.H. III in: Nash T.H. et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the
Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 207-219, Tempe (2002); Moberg
R. & Purvis O.W. in: Tibell L. & Hedberg I. (eds), Symb. Bot.
Upsal. 32: 187-194 (1997); Purvis O.W. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds),
The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Rambold
G., Mayrhofer H. & Matzer M., Pl. Syst. Evol. 192: 31-40 (1994);
Sipman H.J.M. in: Daniels F.J.A., Schulz M. & Peine J. (eds):

Flechten Follmann: 329-336, Cologne (1995); Trass H., Folia
Cryptog.
Estonica 29: 2-24 (1992).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; rarely terricolous, bryophytic, lignicolous, or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous or calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose or crustose, not subdivided parts, subfruticose, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Grey, white, or olive; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate or ciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate or lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate or rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface or directly at the thallus margin, soon sessile or substipitate. Wall: Not carbonized. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: White. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive, not hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid wide axial body and divergent amyloid flanks towards apex; ocular chamber broad; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or oblong-obtuse, (15)-23-54 µm long, (6.5)-15-25 µm wide, obtuse; septa present; transversally septate, 1-transversally septate; wall thin, thickened at the septum, dark brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Bacilliform; aseptate; cell wall hyaline.

Secondary Metabolites: Present (various additional pigments), of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, or (tri-)terpenoids.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)