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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (02-05-14); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 6. Heppia. Heppiaceae Zahlbr. (1906); family of unknown placement (incertae sedis); Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Büdel B., Biblioth. Lichenol. 23: 1-105 (1987); Büdel B. et
al. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater
Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 204-207, Tempe (2002); Clauzade G.
& Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero Special 7:
1-893 [381] (1985); Egea J.M., Biblioth. Lich. 31: 1-122 (1989);
Henssen A., Acta Bot. Fenn. 150: 57-73 (1994); Filson R., Muelleria
6: 495-517 (1988); Swinscow T.D.V. & Krog H., Norweg. J. Bot. 26:
213-224 (1979); Wetmore C.M., Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 57: 158-209
(1970).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Italy, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; terricolous; substrate non-calciferous or calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; cyanobacterial. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Gloeocapsa and Scytonema (A. Beck 19-05-97); Microcystaceae and Scytonemataceae; Chroococcales and Nostocales, Cyanobacteria, Prokaryota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Crustose, not subdivided parts, squamulose (or peltate), granular, rimose, or areolate (primarily areolate). Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Black, grey, brown, or olive; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface or attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, not emerging. Margin: Indistinct; external filaments absent. Exciple: White. Periphyses: Absent. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched to distinctly branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White.

Asci: Tholus not thickened; dehiscence prototunicate; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 4 to c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or fusiform, (8)-14-32 µm long, (3)-4.5-13 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Fusiform or bacilliform; not branched; aseptate; cell wall hyaline.

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