Guignardia Viala & Ravaz (1892)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Triebel D. Data set reviewer(s): Triebel D. (98-01-01; 01-08-14); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 40. Guignardia. Mycosphaerellaceae Lindau (1897); Dothideales.

Type Information: Type: Guignardia bidwellii (Ellis) Viala & Ravaz.

Taxonomic Literature: Taxonomic notes: Lichenicolous species are now placed in Lichenochora, Obryzum, Roselliniella and Telogalla (see Hoffmann & Hafellner 2000). Aa H.A., Stud. Mycol. 5: 1-110 (1973); Arx J.A., Beih. Nova Hedwigia
87: 1-288 [49-50] (1987); Bisset J., Mycotaxon 25: 519-522 (1986);
Gams W., Taxon 41: 99-108 (1992); Hawksworth D.L., Kew Bull. 30:
183-203 [189-191] (1975); Hawksworth D.L., Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat.
Hist.), Bot. 9(1): 1-98 [73] (1981); Hawksworth D.L. & David J.C., Taxon 38: 493-527 (1989); Hoffmann N. & Hafellner J., Biblioth. Lichenol. 77: 1-190 [31-34) (2000); Keissler K. von, Rabenh. Kryptog.-Fl. 8: 1-712 [338-346] (1930); Navrotskaya I.L., Kondratyuk S.Y., Wasser S.P.,
Nevo E. & Zelenko S.D., Israel J. Plant Sciences 44: 181-193 [187-
188] (1993); Punithalingam E., Mycol. Pap. 136: 1-63 (1974);
Sivanesan A., The bitunicate ascomycetes and their anamorphs: 1-701
[164-176] (1984); Triebel D., Biblioth. Lichenol. 35: 1-278 [241]
(1989).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sweden and Norway, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Saprobic or biotroph (All lichenicolous taxa might well belong to another genus); lichenicolous (All lichenicolous taxa might well belong to another genus); terricolous, lignicolous, corticolous, or epiphyllous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont absent. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative; not different with or without KOH pre-treatment (euamyloid).

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Perithecioid, orbicular, not emerging, becoming adnate to soon sessile, stromatic (stroma subepidermal). Margin: External filaments absent. Exciple: Brown, white, or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent or present. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive, hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Absent or present, scarcely branched (pseudoparenchym, evanescent), not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Brown, white, or brownish yellow.

Asci: Dehiscence bitunicate; exoascus not amyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 8 or more than 32 per ascus, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid, ovoid, oblong, or curved, 7-30 µm long, 3-14 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin or thick (partly with hyaline gelatinous caps), distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall (partly with hyaline gelatinous caps), not thickened at the septum, dark brown, hyaline, or pale brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Globose, bifusiform, reniform, or bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)