Everniastrum Hale ex Sipman (1986)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Elix J. A. (95-06-01), Sipman H. (95-05-02), and Scholz P. (02-05-14); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 27. Everniastrum. Parmeliaceae Zenker (1827); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale ex Sipman.

Taxonomic Literature: Culberson, W.L. & Culberson, C.F., Bryologist 84: 273-314 (1981);
Elix J.A., Bryologist 96: 359-383 (1993); Galloway D.J., Flora of New
Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [83-84], Wellington (1985) - sub
Cetrariastrum; Jiang Y.-M. & Wei J.-Ch., Lichenologist 25: 57-60 (1993); Nash T.H. III et al. in Nash T.H. III et al. (eds) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 191-193, Tempe (2002); Sipman H.J.M., Mycotaxon 26: 235-251 (1986).

Biogeography: Checklist records: New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Thailand, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trebouxia; Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales, Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose or crustose, not subdivided parts, subfruticose, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Grey; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; ciliate; without hairs; isidiate; sorediate; not cephalodiate; lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate or rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, substipitate to stipitate. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Grey or white. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown or brownish yellow. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid wide axial body and divergent amyloid flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid or oblong-obtuse, 10-32.5 µm long, 4-12.5 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface or along the thallus periphery.

Conidia: Bifusiform or filiform; not branched; aseptate; cell wall hyaline.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): orcinol depsides, orcinol depsidones, ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, (higher) aliphatic acids, and benzyl esters.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)