Cliostomum Fr. (1825)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (06-12-18); not revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 8 (estimation provided by A. Aptroot 99-09-27). Cliostomum. Biatoraceae A. Massal. ex Stiz. (1862); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Cliostomum graniforme (Hag.) Coppins (= C. corrugatum (Ach.: Fr.) Fr.).

Taxonomic Literature: Coppins B.J., Lichenologist 12: 106 (1980); Ekman S. in: Tibell L.
& Hedberg I. (eds), Symb. Bot. Upsal. 32: 17-28 (1997); Fox B.W.
in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and
Ireland, London (1992); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens:
i-lxxiii, 1-662 [125-126], Wellington (1985); Gowan S.P., Mycologia
82: 766-771 (1990); Hawksworth D.L., Earland-Bennett, P.M. & Coppins, B.J., Herzogia 19: 5-10 (2006); Kantvilas G. & Elix J.A., in: Farkas E.+.,
Lücking R. & Wirth V. (eds), Biblioth. Lichenol. 58: 199-212
(1995).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; lignicolous or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts, leprose, granular, rimose, or areolate (primarily areolate). Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing or persistent. Upper Surface: White, grey, or brownish yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: White or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells hyaline, brownish yellow, or brown. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: White or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid narrow axial body and amyloid convergent flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, oblong-obtuse, oblong, or cylindrical, 7-20 µm long, 1.5-4-(5.5) µm wide, obtuse; septa absent or present; transversally septate, 1-3-transversally septate; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or stipitate, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical or intercalar. Conidia: Globose.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): (higher) aliphatic acids, dibenzofurans [and usnic acids], orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, and (tri-)terpenoids.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)