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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Scholz P. (02-05-13); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 10. Candelaria. Candelariaceae Hakul. (1954); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero

Special 7: 1-893 [265] (1985); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand

Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [71-72], Wellington (1985); James P.W.
&
Gilbert O.L. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora
of Great
Britain and Ireland, London (1992); Poelt J. & Reddi
B.V., Khumbu
Himal 6: 1-16 (1969); Poelt J. & Vezda A.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 9:
1-258 [31] (1977); Westberg M. & Nash
T.H. III Ryan B.D. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds), Lichen Flora of
the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1: 116-118, Tempe (2002).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), Namibia, and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; rarely terricolous, bryophytic (rarely), or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Trebouxia (A. Beck 22-05-97); Trebouxiaceae; Trebouxiales, Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose or crustose, not subdivided parts, subfruticose, lobed. Thallus Outline: Soon disappearing. Upper Surface: Yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile. Margin: Indistinct; external filaments absent. Exciple: Yellow or white. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells yellow or brownish yellow. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s positive. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Pale brown or white.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid wide axial body and divergent amyloid flanks towards apex; dehiscence lecanoralean.

Ascospores: c. 8, 12-16, 16-32, or more than 32 per ascus, ellipsoid, 5-16 µm long, 4-6 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent or present; rarely transversally septate, 1-transversally septate; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or stipitate, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Globose, ellipsoid, or bacilliform; aseptate; cell wall hyaline.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): pulvinic acid derivatives.

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