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Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 25. Calicium. Caliciaceae Chevall. (1826); family of unknown placement (incertae sedis); Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M., Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [41-42] (1997); Tibell L., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 21(1): 1-128 (1975); Tibell L., Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 71: 239-259 (1977); Tibell L., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 79: 597-713 (1984); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [53-60], Wellington (1985); Middelborg J. & Matsson J., Sommerfeltia 5: 1-71 (1987); Poelt J. & Vezda A., Biblioth. Lichenol. 16: 1-390 [118-122] (1981); Purvis O.W. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, London (1992).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, Thailand, and United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; lignicolous or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Stichococcus (A. Beck 19-05-97); genus incertae sedis; family of unknown placement (incertae sedis), Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Indistinct or crustose, not subdivided parts, granular. Upper Surface: Green, grey, or brownish yellow; special structures absent. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, soon sessile to stipitate. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Periphyses: Absent.

Ascospores: Ellipsoid or broadly ellipsoid, 6-16 µm long, 3-8 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent or present; transversally septate, 1-transversally septate; wall thick, distinctly differentiated into primary and secondary wall, not thickened at the septum, dark brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented or ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or sessile, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsides, pulvinic acid derivatives, and xanthones.

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