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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Wedin M. (95-11-27); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: basionymous or accepted. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 20. Bunodophoron. Sphaerophoraceae Fr. (1831); family of unknown placement (incertae sedis); Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [529-536], Wellington (1985) - sub Sphaerophorus; Tibell L., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(1): 1-279 [216-254] (1987) - sub Sphaerophorus; Wedin M., Pl. Syst. Evol. 187: 213-241 (1993); Wedin M., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 31(1): 1-102 [1-87] (1995); Wedin M., Mycotaxon 53: 33-36 (1995).

Biogeography: Checklist records: New Zealand, United States and Canada (continental), and New Guinea.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; terricolous, lignicolous, or corticolous; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Foliose, crustose, or fruticose, not subdivided parts, subfruticose, granular, or rimose, lobed. Upper Surface: Brown, green, grey, brownish yellow, olive, white, or yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by holdfasts; special structures absent.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative; not different with or without KOH pre-treatment (euamyloid).

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface or directly at the thallus margin, directly at the tip of the thallus parts, not emerging, becoming adnate to stipitate. Margin: Prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Black. Periphyses: Absent. Hymenium: Mazaedioid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Black or brown.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, globose, 4-21 µm long, 4-21 µm wide, obtuse; septa absent; wall not thickened at the septum, hyaline, pale brown, or dark brown, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall ornamented.

Conidiomata: Present or absent resp. not observed; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface or along the thallus periphery.

Secondary Metabolites: Not detected or present, of the following substance class(es): orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, (tri-)terpenoids, and dibenzofurans [and usnic acids].

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