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Data Set Maintenance: Data set compiled and standard item. Data set author(s): Kainz C. Data set reviewer(s): Schubert K. (06-01-26); revised.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Synonyms: Erysiphe cynoglossi (Wallr.) U. Braun; Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul.; Erysiphales.

Type Information: Basionym: Alphitomorpha cynoglossi Wallr. Type: Alphitomorpha cynoglossi Wallr.

Taxonomic Literature: Taxonomic notes: +conidiophores erect, foot-cells straight, cylindric, followed by (0-)1-2(-3) shorter cells;+appressoria nipple-shaped;+ascocarp outer wall cells irregularly shaped, 8-30(-40) µm diam.;. Braun U., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 89: 1-700 [243-244] (1987); Braun U., The powdery mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. - 1-337. Jena, Stuttgart, New York (1995).

Biogeography: Continent: Africa, Asia-Temperate, Europe, Northern America (USA, Canada, Alaska), and Asia-Tropical. Region(s): Northern Africa, Southern Africa, Siberia, Far Eastern Asia, Middle Asia (+ Asia minor), and China. Country or state(s): Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Benelux (Belgium & Luxembourg) (and Luxemburg), former Czechoslovakia (incl. Czech Republic & Slovacia), Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland (incl. Liechtenstein), Balearic Islands, France (excl. Corsica), Portugal, Spain (incl. Andorra & Monaco), Italy (incl. San Marino & The Vatican City, excl. Sicily, Sardinia), Romania, European Turkey, Former Yugoslavia [incl. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia], Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia), and Ukraine; Canary Islands (Spain); Japan; India and Pakistan; Alaska (USA), Yukon Territory (Canada), British Columbia (Canada), Saskatchewan (Canada), Ontario (Canada), Colarado (USA), Montana (USA), Oregon (USA), Washington (USA), Wyoming (USA), Missouri (USA), Connecticut (USA), Pennsylvania (USA), Arizona (USA), California (USA), Nevada (USA), Utah (USA), New Mexico (USA), Texas (USA), Alabama (USA), and Virginia (USA). Checklist records: United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; phytopathogenic; growing on stems, leaves, or sepals, epiphyllous (the gregarious ascocarps often form dense dark patches on the host leaves) or amphigenous. Host or Phorophyte Taxonomy: Cynoglossum officinale L.; Cynoglossum, Boraginaceae.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Cleistothecioid, orbicular, forming independently from the host thallus or mycelium, not emerging (oten, in the dense mycelial layer), in loose groups or gregarious, (.07)-.09-.14-(.155) mm in diam.. Margin: External filaments present; interlaced with each other or interwoven with surrounding mycelium, mycelioid, straight, .5-2-(3) µm long, (3)-4-10-(11) µm in diameter, hyaline or pigmented (later, brown throughout when mature, sometimes only faintly coloured, yellowish), few (rarely) or numerous, growing all across the lower half of the ascocarp, smooth, thin, not ramified or ramified (rarely), irregular, septate.

Asci: 5-20-(30) asci per ascocarp, distinctly stipitate, (45)-50-85 µm long, 20-45 µm wide; dehiscence unitunicate.

Ascospores: 1–2 to c. 4 per ascus, spores 2-(3) per ascus, subglobose, ellipsoid, or ovoid, (15)-18-28 µm long, (10)-12-19.5 µm wide; septa absent.

Conidiophores: Euoidium-type; not branched; basal cells 50-110 µm long, 10-14 µm wide. Conidium Formation: Conidiogenous cells in chains. Conidia: Ellipsoid, ovoid, or cylindrical; macroconidial (germ tubes arising from an end, short, often twisted), not branched, 25-40 µm long, 15-22 µm wide; aseptate.

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