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Data Set Maintenance: Data set compiled and standard item. Data set author(s): Kainz C. (00-07-26). Data set reviewer(s): Schubert K. (06-03-24); revised.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Synonyms: Microsphaera penicillata (Wallr. : Fr.) Lév.; Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul.; Erysiphales.

Type Information: Basionym: Alphitomorpha penicillata Wallr. Type: Alphitomorpha penicillata Wallr.

Taxonomic Literature: Taxonomic notes: +ascomata outer wall cells irregularly polygonal, ca. 10-25 µm diam.;. Braun U., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 89: 1-700 [383] (1987); Braun U., The powdery mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. - 1-337. Jena, Stuttgart, New York (1995).

Biogeography: Northern hemispheric. Continent: Asia-Temperate, Europe, and Northern America (USA, Maine to Ala., Tex., Wisc.; Canada; Alaska). Region(s): Siberia and Far Eastern Asia. Country or state(s): Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Benelux (Belgium & Luxembourg), former Czechoslovakia (incl. Czech Republic & Slovacia), Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland (incl. Liechtenstein), France (excl. Corsica), Portugal, Bulgaria, Italy (incl. San Marino & The Vatican City, excl. Sicily, Sardinia), Romania, Former Yugoslavia [incl. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia], Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia), and Ukraine; Japan and Iran; Alaska (USA), Montana (USA), Oregon (USA), Washington (USA), Iowa (USA), Minnesota (USA), Wisconsin (USA), Maine (USA), California (USA), Utah (USA), Texas (USA), Alabama (USA), and Georgia (USA). Checklist records: United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; phytopathogenic; growing on leaves, hypophyllous (often) or amphigenous. Host or Phorophyte Taxonomy: Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.; Alnus, Betulaceae.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Cleistothecioid, orbicular, forming independently from the host thallus or mycelium, scattered or in loose groups, (.07)-.08-.11-(.125) mm in diam.. Margin: External filaments present; recurved (distinctly), (.5)-1-1.5 µm long, 6-10.5 µm in diameter, hyaline or pigmented (often brown at the base, colout sometimes reaching the middle of the stalk), numerous, 5-20 per mm², growing between the lower and upper hald of the ascocarp, stiff and straight (straight to curved), smooth or verrucose, thin or thick (throughout or thin-walled above and thick-walled twoards the base), ramified, dichotomously branched (4-6 times, closely and regularly branched, tips distinctly recurved, appendages rarely deeply celft), aseptate or septate (0-1-septate).

Asci: 3-6-(8) asci per ascocarp, not stipitate or indistinctly stipitate, 35-60-(70) µm long, 30-50 µm wide; dehiscence unitunicate.

Ascospores: c. 4 to c. 8 per ascus, spores (4)-6-8 per ascus, ellipsoid or ovoid, 15-24 µm long, 9-14 µm wide; septa absent.

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