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Data Set Maintenance: Data set compiled and standard item; reviewer(s): Schubert K. (06-03-23); revised.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted. Taxonomic rank: species. Synonyms: Microsphaera euphorbiae Berk. & M. A. Curtis; Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul.; Erysiphales.

Type Information: Basionym: Microsphaera euphorbiae Berk. & M. A. Curtis. Type: Microsphaera euphorbiae Berk. & M. A. Curtis.

Taxonomic Literature: Taxonomic notes: +conidiophores foot-cells cylindric, followed by 2 shorter cells or cells of about the same length;+appressoria nipple-shaped to lobed;+ascocarp outer wall cells irregularly polygonal, ca. 10-15 µm diam;. Braun U., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 89: 1-700 [302] (1987).

Biogeography: Continent: Northern America (USA, from Kans. and Ia. to Mich. and to Md. and Ga., widespread, southwards to Central America and South America) and Southern America. Country or state(s): Illinois (USA), Iowa (USA), Kansas (USA), Missouri (USA), Wisconsin (USA), Indiana (USA), Michigan (USA), Ohio (USA), West Virginia (USA), Texas (USA), Alabama (USA), Georgia (USA), Maryland (USA), Mississippi (USA), Virginia (USA), and District of Columbia (USA); Honduras, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela. Checklist records: United States and Canada (continental).

Ecology: Biotroph; phytopathogenic; growing on leaves, amphigenous. Host or Phorophyte Taxonomy: Euphorbia sp.; Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Cleistothecioid, orbicular, forming independently from the host thallus or mycelium, scattered or gregarious, .075-.135 mm in diam.. Margin: External filaments present (horizontally spread, rarely somewhat turning towards one direction); recurved (rarely slightly) or straight, 2-6 µm long, 5-10 µm in diameter, hyaline, numerous, 6-20 per mm², growing more or less between the lower and upper hald of the ascocarp, flexuose (+contorted, often angularly bent or irregularly nodulose) or geniculate (bent), thin or moderatly thick (towards the base), not ramified or ramified, dichotomously branched (1-4 times, branchings fairly irregular, diffuse, lax, often widely forked, ultimate tips straight, not recurved, rarely slightly recurved), aseptate.

Asci: 4-10 asci per ascocarp, not stipitate or indistinctly stipitate, 40-65 µm long, 25-45 µm wide; dehiscence unitunicate.

Ascospores: c. 4 or c. 8 per ascus, spores 3-4-6 per ascus, ellipsoid or ovoid, 16-21 µm long, 10-13 µm wide; septa absent.

Conidiophores: Pseudoidium-type; not branched; basal cells 19-33 µm long, 7.5-10 µm wide. Conidium Formation: Conidiogenous cells single. Conidia: Ellipsoid or cylindrical; macroconidial, not branched, 24-35 µm long, 12.5-18.5 µm wide; aseptate.

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