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Data Set Maintenance: Data set compiled and standard item. Data set author(s): Kainz C. (00-07-26). Data set reviewer(s): Schubert K. (06-02-22); revised.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: species. Currently accepted name Erysiphe castaneae U. Braun. Synonyms: Erysiphe americana (U. Braun) U. Braun & S. Takam.; Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul.; Erysiphales.

Type Information: Basionym: Microsphaera americana U. Braun. Type: Microsphaera americana U. Braun.

Taxonomic Literature: Taxonomic notes: +ascomata outer wall cells irregularly polygonal to rounded, ca. 10-20 µm diam.;. Braun U., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 89: 1-700 [360-362] (1987).

Biogeography: Northern hemispheric. Continent: Northern America (USA, eastern states, Mass. to O. and N.C.; Canada). Country or state(s): Massachusetts (USA), Ohio (USA), and North Carolina (USA).

Ecology: Biotroph; phytopathogenic; growing on leaves, epiphyllous (mostly) or amphigenous. Host or Phorophyte Taxonomy: Castanea dentata Borkh.; Castanea, Fagaceae.

Reproduction Strategy: With sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Cleistothecioid, orbicular, forming independently from the host thallus or mycelium, scattered or in loose groups, .075-.115-(.125) mm in diam.. Margin: External filaments present; recurved (tips of the ultimate branchlets distinctly recurved), 1.5-3 µm long, 6.5-12.5 µm in diameter, hyaline or pigmented (near the base), few, 4-15-(20) per mm², growing between the lower and upper hald of the ascocarp, flexuose or stiff and straight, smooth or rough (below), thin or thick (towards the base), ramified, dichotomously branched (3-5 times, branchings regular and rather close, sometimes looser, primary branches elongated, appendages rarely forked in the lower half, tips of the ultimate branchlets distinctly recurved), aseptate or septate (a single septum at the base).

Asci: 3-6 asci per ascocarp, not stipitate or indistinctly stipitate, 35-55 µm long, 25-50 µm wide; dehiscence unitunicate.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, spores 5-8 per ascus, ellipsoid or ovoid, 16-24 µm long, 10-13 µm wide; septa absent.

Conidiophores: Pseudoidium-type; not branched. Conidium Formation: Conidiogenous cells single. Conidia: Ellipsoid or doliiform; macroconidial, not branched, 28-32 µm long, 14-18 µm wide; aseptate.

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